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1 Bosch, Robert August
[br]b. 23 September 1861 Albeck, near Ulm, Germanyd. 9 March 1942 Stuttgart, Germany[br]German engineer, industrialist and pioneer of internal combustion engine electrical systems.[br]Robert was the eighth of twelve children of the landlord of a hotel in the village of Albeck. He wanted to be a botanist and zoologist, but at the age of 18 he was apprenticed as a precision mechanic. He travelled widely in the south of Germany, which is unusual for an apprenticeship. In 1884, he went to the USA, where he found employment with Thomas A. Edison and his colleague, the German electrical engineer Siegmund Bergmann. During this period he became interested and involved in the rights of workers.In 1886 he set up his own workshop in Stuttgart, having spent a short time with Siemens in England. He built up a sound reputation for quality, but the firm outgrew its capital and in 1892 he had to sack nearly all his employees. Fortunately, among the few that he was able to retain were Arnold Zähringer, who later became Manager, and an apprentice, Gottlieb Harold. These two, under Bosch, were responsible for the development of the low-tension (1897) and the high-tension (1902) magneto. They also developed the Bosch sparking plug, again in 1902. The distributor for multi-cylinder engines followed in 1910. These developments, with a strong automotive bias, were stimulated by Bosch's association with Frederick Simms, an Englishman domiciled in Hamburg, who had become a director of Daimler in Canstatt and had secured the UK patent rights of the Daimler engine. Simms went on to invent, in about 1898, a means of varying ignition timing with low-tension magnetos.It must be emphasized, as pointed out above, that the invention of neither type of magneto was due to Bosch. Nikolaus Otto introduced a crude low-tension magneto in 1884, but it was not patented in Germany, while the high-tension magneto was invented by Paul Winand, a nephew of Otto's partner Eugen Langen, in 1887, this patent being allowed to lapse in 1890.Bosch's social views were advanced for his time. He introduced an eight-hour day in 1906 and advocated industrial arbitration and free trade, and in 1932 he wrote a book on the prevention of world economic crises, Die Verhütung künftiger Krisen in der Weltwirtschaft. Other industrialists called him the "Red Bosch" because of his short hours and high wages; he is reputed to have replied, "I do not pay good wages because I have a lot of money, I have a lot of money because I pay good wages." The firm exists to this day as the giant multi-national company Robert Bosch GmbH, with headquarters still in Stuttgart.[br]Further ReadingT.Heuss, 1994, Robert Bosch: His Life and Achievements (trans. S.Gillespie and J. Kapczynski), New York: Henry Holt \& Co.JB -
2 Automotive engineering
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Austin, HerbertIssigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold ConstantineMorris, William Richard -
3 Steam and internal combustion engines
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Giffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesHamilton, Harold LeePorta, Giovanni Battista dellaBiographical history of technology > Steam and internal combustion engines
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4 Chemical technology
См. также в других словарях:
Bosch, Robert — ▪ German engineer in full Robert August Bosch born Sept. 23, 1861, Albeck, near Ulm, Württemberg [Germany] died March 9, 1942, Stuttgart, Ger. German engineer and industrialist who was responsible for the invention of the spark plug and… … Universalium
Robert Bosch — im Alter von 27 Jahren … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert-Bosch-Berufskolleg — Vorlage:Coordinate/Wartung/Schule Robert Bosch Berufskolleg der Stadt Dortmund Schultyp Berufskolleg Gründung 1846 Ort Dortmund Bundesland Nordrhein Westfalen Schüler ca. 2700 Lehrer ca. 95 Website … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Bosch jun. — Robert Bosch jun. (* 29. Januar 1928 in Stuttgart; † 2. August 2004 in Gerlingen) war deutscher Unternehmer und der Sohn von Robert Bosch. Leben und Leistungen Bosch studierte Elektrotechnik an der Technischen Hochschule Stuttgart und arbeitete… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Parker — Robert M. Parker, 2005 Robert M. Parker (* 23. Juli 1947 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA) ist ein US amerikanischer Weinkritiker und autor. Parker ist ausgebildeter Rechtsanwalt und betreibt seit fast 30 Jahren professionellen Weinjournalismus. Seine … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bösch — ist der Name von: August Bösch (1857–1911), Schweizer Bildhauer Bernd Bösch (* 1961), österreichischer Politiker David Bösch (* 1978), deutscher Theaterregisseur Dina Bösch (* 1960), Gewerkschafterin Frank Bösch (* 1969), deutscher Historiker… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bosch Solar Energy — AG Rechtsform Aktiengesellschaft Gründung 1997 Sitz … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Grassin — (* 17. September 1898 in Le Mans; † 26. Juni 1980 in Gien) war ein französischer Radrennfahrer und Weltmeister. Robert „Toto“ Grassin war Profi Rennfahrer von 1921 bis 1940, nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg versuchte er noch ein kurzes Comeback. In… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bosch Thermotechnik — GmbH Rechtsform GmbH Gründung 2003 (BBT) Sitz … Deutsch Wikipedia
Robert Wischer — (2002) Robert Wischer (* 7. Juli 1930 in Wilhelmshaven; † 27. August 2007 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Architekt. Er galt als führender Architekt für den Krankenhausbau in Deutschland. Inhaltsverzeichnis … Deutsch Wikipedia
August Häussermann — (* 1887 in Stuttgart Bad Cannstatt; † 1954 in Stuttgart) war gelernter Maschineningenieur der Maschinenbauschule Esslingen. Nach dem Studium arbeitete er als Assistent von Robert Bosch. Danach als Betriebsleiter des Pressenherstellers Schuler AG… … Deutsch Wikipedia
